Sigmund Freud

Central to Sigmund Freud's philosophy on psychoanalysis is the idea that dreams give a window into one's unconscious desires. This is the principal argument of his groundbreaking work "The Interpretation of Dreams", published in 1899. However, realizing the incredibly technical and dense nature of that more detailed work, Freud felt that a simpler and more accessible derivation of his theories was necessary in order to popularize his ideas and to...

All human behaviors and traits, according to this 1923 study, derive from the complicated interactions of three elements of the psyche: the id, the ego, and the superego. The root of Sigmund Freud's approach to psychiatric treatment resides in bringing the id, the hidden source of human passion, to the surface. The ego - formed to negotiate the id's interactions with reality - and the superego - the critical, moralistic part of the mind - remain in...

Civilization and Its Discontents is one of the last of Freud's books, written in the decade before his death and first published in German in 1929. It is, considered his most brilliant work. In it, he states his views on the broad question of man's place in the world. It seeks to answer several questions fundamental to human society and its organization: What influences led to the creation of civilization? Why and how did it come to be? What determines...