1913 : seeds of conflict
(DVD) 

Edited by Rachel Clark ; director of photography, Itai Neeman ; original music composed by Kareem Roustom.

Narrator: Robin Parmelee.

This documentary examines a critical yet overlooked moment of transformation in Palestine, long before the Balfour Declaration and British Mandate period usually considered the matchstick for today's ongoing struggles. It was a time when identities were fluid and few Arabs or Jews living there could imagine the conflict that would engulf their region for the next century. 1913: Seeds of Conflict explores the crumbling of Ottoman rule and the rise of Jewish and Palestinian nationalism through the words of those who helped shape history: Albert Antebi, a Sephardic Jew known as the Jewish "pasha"; Ruhi al-Khalidi, the scion of a Palestine family and Jerusalem's elected representative to the Ottoman Parliament; Khalil Sakakini, a Christian schoolmaster and voice for Palestinian cultural autonomy; and Arthur Ruppin, a German Zionist who opens the Palestine Office to strategize the shape of a Jewish homeland to come.

DVD; NTSC, region 1; widescreen; stereo.

English audio with optional English subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing (SDH).